Industrial wastewater in Italy: when should online monitoring be used? For the monitoring of industrial wastewater in Italy, online monitoring becomes relevant when laboratory analyses do not provide sufficient visibility into variations in the discharge. Online monitoring then makes it possible to observe changes between two sampling operations and relate them to site operation. The…
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Why monitor chlorides in industrial water? In an industrial installation, chloride concentration varies depending on the water used, process inputs and, in some circuits, evaporation. An increase may therefore prompt checks of the make-up water, the introduction of a higher-chloride stream or possible saline contamination. Chlorides are monitored in process water, cooling circuits, make-up water…
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Seawater conductivity: what role does it play in multiparameter monitoring? In a coastal or port area, or near an estuary, seawater conductivity helps quickly identify a change in the monitored water mass. This measurement is useful for detecting that a change is occurring, but it does not explain the cause on its own. This is…
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